Steam Reforming of Methane on Sponge Iron: Influence of
Sponge iron or direct reduced iron (DRI) is produced by direct reduction processes. World production reached 87.1 million tons in 2017, and 82% of it is produced with gas-based
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Validating quality productivity improvement framework for
The iron ore used as a raw material for SI needs to be of higher quality with more than 62% Fe content. Currently, out of India’s estimated reserves of 25 billion
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(PDF) Environmental performance evaluation of sponge iron
A review of the resource utilisation and waste generation potential of direct reduced iron plant reveals that the specific raw material consumption of iron ore is 1.6
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(PDF) Energy survey of the coal based sponge iron industry
A survey is made on a typical coal based Indian sponge iron plant of capacity 500 t/d in order to identify the largest energy losses and find ways to increase
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Materials Balance in Iron Making - 911 Metallurgist
The CO/CO2 ratio in the top gas is 2/1 Calculate a) Weight of iron ore b) Weight and composition of slag c) Volume of air required d) Volume and% composition of exit gas.
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(PDF) MATERIAL BALANCE: A CASE STUDY FOR A GAS
The material balance is a very important tool used by reservoir engineers in the oil and gas industry. It can provide an estimate of initial hydrocarbon in place independent of geological ...
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Direct reduced iron - Wikipedia
Hot-briquetted iron Direct reduced iron ( DRI ), also called sponge iron, [1] is produced from the direct reduction of iron ore (in the form of lumps, pellets, or fines) into iron by a reducing gas or elemental carbon
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An Updated Examination of Gas Sweetening by the Iron Sponge
Abstract A detailed evaluation of gas sweetening via iron sponge (hydrated iron oxide) has been undertaken due to the apparent lack of comprehensive engineering, research, and
MoreMethane pyrolysis on sponge iron powder for sustainable
The experiments were carried out on methane with a purity of 99.99 vol% (grade A) supplied by the Moscow Gas Processing Plant. Sponge iron powder with the purity of 99.38 mass. % was used as a catalyst. Sponge iron powder was supplied by Materials-K Ltd. (Russia). The chemical composition of sponge iron powder is
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Effect of H2/CO Ratio on Gas Consumption and Energy ... - Springer
According to the iron balance and the consideration of dust discharging amount, the mass of charging pellets could be calculated by Eqs. ... Based on the results of material balance calculation, this paper takes 298 K as the reference temperature and calculates the energy budget of shaft furnace. ... That means when producing 1 t
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Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) International Iron
Some of the sponge iron plants are captive to steel mills, but there is a significant domestic merchant market, India producing 57% of its crude steel in electric arc furnaces (2016). At integrated mini-mills, DRI can be hot
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An Updated Examination of Gas Sweetening by the Iron Sponge
Abstract A detailed evaluation of gas sweetening via iron sponge (hydrated iron oxide) has been undertaken due to the apparent lack of comprehensive engineering, research, and field data related to this process. Key areas reviewed include composition of the sweetening media, unit design considerations, and operational parameters. The investigations
MoreIron Sponge Process - an overview ScienceDirect Topics
The iron oxide process (also known as the iron sponge process) is the oldest and still the most widely used batch process for sweetening natural gas and NGLs ( Duckworth and Geddes, 1965; Anerousis and Whitman, 1984; and Zapffe, 1963 ). The process was implemented during the 19th century.
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Validating quality productivity improvement framework for sponge iron
The iron ore used as a raw material for SI needs to be of higher quality with more than 62% Fe content. Currently, out of India’s estimated reserves of 25 billion tons of iron ore, higher grade constituents are only about 8.7%. ... Gas based sponge iron industry – Outlook.
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Heat and Mass Transfer in Reduction Zone of Sponge
Gas mole balance reactions for methane reforming, iron reduction, and water gas shift reaction already have an agreement. Figure 5(c) depicts solid concentration profile along reduction zone. It is observed that, at
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SPONGE IRON INDUSTRY - Centre for Science and Environment
India is the world’s largest producer of sponge iron, accounting for 13 per cent of the global production 8. Sponge iron is produced using either coal or natural gas. Since coal is available in India, the sector largely depends on coal based sponge iron which contributes about 80 per cent of the total capacity in the country9.
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Manufacturers of Gas Based Sponge Iron - Galaxy
Using coal for reduction of iron ore has severe environmental issues as it leads to emission of carbon in great proportions. This is the reason why the world today prefers gas based sponge iron. Galaxy Enterprise is
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WHAT IS SPONGE IRON AND HOW IS IT MADE? - JBG HEXA
Sponge iron, also called direct reduced iron (DRI), is made from directly changing iron ore (in any form whatsoever) to iron by a cutback gas or carbon, produced from natural gas or coal. It is one of the many raw materials used in sponge iron. Specifications WHY IS IT CALLED SPONGE IRON?
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Iran DRI (Sponge Iron) - Romak Trading
Iran DRI ( Sponge Iron) as a substitute of scrap in steel melting is produced in a Direct Reduction Process. Although the reduction in the kiln is not direct, the CO gas reduces the impurities and oxides of hematite and the resultant DRI is in the solid form. Gas based DRI process mainly prefers on account of better non-contaminated Iron (Fe ...
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Design Modifications for Energy Conservation of Sponge Iron
During the operation in the coal based sponge iron plant, a tremendous amount of heat is generated and significant part of this heat, associated with the waste gas, remains unutilized. It appears worth interesting to modify the process that facilitates the integration of heat available with the waste gas.
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EXERGY AND ITS EFFICIENCY ESTIMATIONS FOR SPONGE
Exergy analysis for sponge iron production With the help of thermodynamic model developed by Kumar et al.[1], material balance and energy balance for 1-ton sponge iron are performed...
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Development of energy conservations scenarios for sponge iron
A survey is made on a typical coal based Indian sponge iron plant of capacity 500 t/d in order to identify the largest energy losses and find ways to increase the efficiency. The required...
MoreMethane pyrolysis on sponge iron powder for sustainable
The experiments were carried out on methane with a purity of 99.99 vol% (grade A) supplied by the Moscow Gas Processing Plant. Sponge iron powder with the purity of 99.38 mass. % was used as a catalyst. Sponge iron powder was supplied by Materials-K Ltd. (Russia). The chemical composition of sponge iron powder is
MoreEffect of H2/CO Ratio on Gas Consumption and Energy ... - Springer
According to the iron balance and the consideration of dust discharging amount, the mass of charging pellets could be calculated by Eqs. ... Based on the results of material balance calculation, this paper takes 298 K as the reference temperature and calculates the energy budget of shaft furnace. ... That means when producing 1 t
MoreAn Updated Examination of Gas Sweetening by the Iron Sponge
Abstract A detailed evaluation of gas sweetening via iron sponge (hydrated iron oxide) has been undertaken due to the apparent lack of comprehensive engineering, research, and field data related to this process. Key areas reviewed include composition of the sweetening media, unit design considerations, and operational parameters. The investigations
More
Validating quality productivity improvement framework for sponge iron
In this work, an attempt has been made to validate the quality–productivity improvement framework developed for sponge iron (SI) industry, through its implementation in two different SI plants. The study proved that the developed framework is valid and reliable for coal-based SI industry in India.
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Heat and Mass Transfer in Reduction Zone of Sponge
Sponge iron product quality in direct Reduced iron (DRI) plant can be increased by rising reduction gas temperature and composition of reactant in reduction gas. The rising of temperature will accelerate reaction flow
MoreSPONGE IRON INDUSTRY - Centre for Science and Environment
India is the world’s largest producer of sponge iron, accounting for 13 per cent of the global production 8. Sponge iron is produced using either coal or natural gas. Since coal is available in India, the sector largely depends on coal based sponge iron which contributes about 80 per cent of the total capacity in the country9.
More
Sponge Iron (DRI) The Hira Group
It is Coal Fuel based DRI. Coal based Sponge-iron is a metallic product produced through direct reduction of iron ore in the solid state .As such it is also known as Direct Reduced Iron (DRI). Iron Ore Pellet is used for reduction. After reduction of iron ore pellet the product resembles sponge because of pores left behind after removal of oxygen.
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What is material balance in sponge iron production? - Answers
Material balance in sponge iron is nothing but calculating input chargeing material into the roatary kiln comparing to the output. Output refers the DRI,Gases,Ash,Char,Dolo Char,Lumps,Fines BHQ if ...
MoreManufacturers of Gas Based Sponge Iron - Galaxy
Using coal for reduction of iron ore has severe environmental issues as it leads to emission of carbon in great proportions. This is the reason why the world today prefers gas based sponge iron. Galaxy Enterprise is
More
LECTURE NOTES ON IRON MAKING SUBJECT CODE: PCMT
PLAIN CARBON STEEL: here the carbon content is quite below 2.11% (in actual practice, it takes 1.6% value) CAST IRON: Eutectic ferrous alloys (>2.11% C and eutectic reaction takes place in this alloy during cooling unlike steel) Consumption Per Capita
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Iran DRI (Sponge Iron) - Romak Trading
Gas based Sponge iron is a metallic product that comes from the direct reduction of iron ore in the solid state. Iron Ore Pellets is used for reduction and after reduction of iron ore pellet, the product resembles sponge because of pores left behind after removal of oxygen. Iran DRI (Sponge Iron)
MoreDesign Modifications for Energy Conservation of Sponge Iron
During the operation in the coal based sponge iron plant, a tremendous amount of heat is generated and significant part of this heat, associated with the waste gas, remains unutilized. It appears worth interesting to modify the process that facilitates the integration of heat available with the waste gas.
MoreDevelopment of energy conservations scenarios for sponge iron
A survey is made on a typical coal based Indian sponge iron plant of capacity 500 t/d in order to identify the largest energy losses and find ways to increase the efficiency. The required...
More